Interdisciplinary Point Of View Research Articles

Influence of Indian Directors on Popular Culture and Societal Views: A Comprehensive Study

This study investigates the global impact of Indian cinema, focusing on the works of notable directors such as Sanjay Leela Bhansali, Rajamouli, Imtiaz Ali, Anurag Basu, and Anurag Kashyap. The study examines Indian cinema's rich cultural past and its power to alter societal views, influence popular culture, and promote inclusivity and diversity through an interdisciplinary viewpoint. Using a combination of qualitative analysis and case studies, including notable films such as Bhansali's "Padmavat," Rajamouli's "Baahubali" series, Ali's "Jab We Met," Basu's "Barfi!," and Kashyap's "Gangs of Wasseypur," the research examines the narrative techniques and thematic content employed by these directors to challenge stereotypes and promote unity among diverse communities. It also looks into the reception and cultural relevance of these films, both domestically and abroad, emphasising their role in promoting cross-cultural dialogue and understanding. This study seeks to shed light on the changing dynamics of cultural representation, diversity, and global influence in the film industry by contextualising these directors' contributions within the larger landscape of Indian cinema. Keywords: Popular Culture, Inclusivity, Diversity, Naaratives

Diagnosis and Intensive Care in Children’s Diabetic Acidosis: an Interdisciplinary Viewpoint

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the main cause of death and disability in children with type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Children’s mortality from T1DM reaches 1% in developed countries and 13% in developing countries. The main cause of death in DKA is cerebral edema, clinical manifestations of which develop in 0.5–0.9% of children with DKA, while mortality riches 24%.Objective. Developing recommendations to prevent life-threatening complications of children with DKA using analysis of literature data and consolidated opinion of experts on the issues of intensive care in children with T1DM.Materials and methods. We analyzed and discussed studies in diagnosis and treatment of DKA in children with type 1 diabetes and 1200 literature sources since January 1970, published in Russian peer-reviewed scientific journals and international publications presented in the online repository Medline (Pubmed). The search for publications was carried out using the keywords: «children», «DKA», «DM1», «dehydration», «cerebral edema».Results. We considered issues of epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, intensive care for DKA, as well as clinical and diagnosis, treatment, prevention of cerebral edema issues in children. Limitations of the study were the small number of modern studies with a high level of evidence (randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses) over the past 5 years on DKA in children.Conclusion. Taking into account the national and international experience, joint recommendations on a consensus format were developed and formulated for the diagnosis of DKA, its leading complications and treatment recommendations for children with T1DM and DKA. Timely and accurate diagnosis of DKA, intensive therapy options based on proven therapeutic efficacy, laboratory and clinical monitoring are warranted to interrupt the DKA pathogenesis, prevent the development of life-threatening conditions, and improve treatment outcomes for children with DKA.

Science Communication as a Human Right

This work discusses four practical science communication cases in which we worked with communities from different parts of Mexico in vulnerable situations. We analyze those cases from an interdisciplinary point of view, emphasizing the observation of human rights to propose a new inclusive definition of science communication and new strategies for engaging in horizontal dialogues with cultural groups. This perspective demands a change in methodological procedures, such as performing anthropological work and the co-creation of projects and materials together with all the members of the communities involved. We also propose using novel strategies to reach communities in vulnerable situations.

Climate related phase transitions with moving boundaries by virtue of mushy zone investigation in Al–Cu: Experiment and phase‐field modeling

Studying Arctic ice formation stays in the focus of research groups over the past decades in the context of ice cover changes, thermal budget and climate agenda in general. Nevertheless, the phenomenon's underlying mechanisms are still not completely understood and described. The main reason for the lack in understanding is the limited experimental access to the field data when it comes to the processes that occur below the ice floe. Thus, there is a need to build competent analogies between the natural (ocean water–ice) and laboratory (here: binary alloy) conditions of the experiment as a step of data preparation for the verification of the mathematical model. In the current paper, the existing qualitative models describing the process of melting and crystallization were expanded and the experimental method was developed copying the layering of the natural ocean water–ice mixture. The experimental set‐up for studying the solidification within the intermediate zone was designed for Al–Cu alloys being the system with appropriate solidus line for creating a sufficient concentration gradient and by that temperature dependent phase fraction under isothermal conditions. The gained experimental data were used for validating a binary phase‐field model for solidification considering moving boundaries. The model includes the description of the free energy of both phases and their respective diffusion coefficients. It allows modeling a binary system at a mesoscopic spatial level by including the concentration‐driven phase transition and resolidification in the two‐phase region. The novel results will help the quantitative understanding of solidification phenomena and are highly‐evaluated from interdisciplinary point of view, including glaciology and geosciences, being ultimately significant for the understanding the global climate change landscape.

İnsan Sonrası Beden: Biyo(Teknolojik)-Sanatta Post-Dualistik bir Kendilik

The body has always been the subject of discussions whether in ancient, modern or posthuman times. In these discussions, it has been instrumentalized, domesticized, and even cursed or glorified, mostly through the dualisms such as mind/body, soul/body and self/other. Posthuman thought criticizes this dualistic comprehension for the body and proposes a post-dualistic understanding. This post-dualism blurs the distinctions starting from the ones between the human and machine, human and animal for a posthuman body. This study approaches the posthuman body as a post-dualistic entity as well. Through a qualitative research method, the academic literature was reviewed concerning the prominent debates on these issues and discussed the findings with the practical works of art. Primarily, Donna Haraway’s arguments on the body with the notion of cyborg and Katherine N. Hayles’ concept of posthuman were examined for building a basis of the research. At the intersection of these concepts, Deleuze and Guattari’s notion of becoming and becoming-machine notion were explored. Becoming-machine not only relates to Body without Organs (BwO), but also emerges as a developed concept for posthuman in Rosi Braidotti’s texts too. Braidotti interprets this Deleuzian concept in a critical posthuman perspective and proposes a new notion as Organs without Bodies. This concept connects to BwO with its criticism on organism and also benefits from Foucault’s arguments for biopower and biopolitics. So, Braidotti discusses Foucault’s arguments on modernity to develop a criticism on biotechnological capitalism. Therefore, this research aims to discuss these interrelated critical subjects through biotechnological manifestations in contemporary art. In this scope, the purpose of this study is to interpret critical issues on the body from an interdisciplinary point of view and contribute to the academic literature with an alternative discussion mentioning the post-dualistic possibilities of the posthuman body.

The Place of Law In Political Economy. J.R.Commons’ Legal Foundations of Capitalism at 100: A Retrospective Article

Abstract This article revisits J.R. Commons’ The Legal Foundations of Capitalism (LFC), published 100 years ago, from an interdisciplinary point of view. It explains and contextualizes Commons’ approach, introduces key concepts and core arguments of the book, and links these to contemporary scholarly work and debates. The aim is to make Commons’ ideas more accessible and to demonstrate their continued relevance for discussions on the role of law in political economy.

Understanding Nature and Humanity: An Ecocritical Study of Thomas Hardy’s The Return of the Native

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between humans, Nature, and humanity and establish a harmonious coexistence, particularly in the wake of industrialization. This article aims to analyze Thomas Hardy's novel, The Return of the Native, from an ecocritical perspective and shed light on Thomas Hardy's ecological consciousness as reflected through the novel's various characters, settings, and plot. The primary objective of this study is to assess how the novel's characters respond to and engage with environmental concerns. Another aim is to trace the evolution of the concern for Nature and humanity, from the Victorian era to the Present, among writers, artists, and intellectuals. The third and final objective is to underscore the significance of reconnecting with Nature, as depicted in the novel. Methodology: This study has used the theory of ecocriticism, a relatively recent theoretical framework. It investigates the intersection of literature and the environment from an interdisciplinary viewpoint, exploring potential solutions for our contemporary environmental predicaments. It constitutes a qualitative research endeavor predominantly employing ecocritical theory to investigate the relationship between the novel's characters and the natural world. Findings: The study concludes that interconnection between humans, humanity, and the natural world is needed to avoid the consequences of environmental degradation, which is being tolerated by humankind. This paper proposes several recommendations to ameliorate contemporary environmental challenges that hold value for researchers, environmentalists, and all stakeholders committed to environmental conservation.

Harmonizing Horizons: The Symphony of Human-Machine Collaboration in the Age of AI

his paper explores the field of human-machine collaboration in the era of artificial intelligence (AI). Using a strategy paper approach, the study synthesizes qualitative narratives, quantitative trends, and interdisciplinary viewpoints to formulate comprehensive strategies and informed perspectives. The synthesized strategies emphasize the role of trust, transparency, and ethical considerations in fostering harmonious collaboration. The interdisciplinary vision emphasizes tailor-made approaches for different disciplines, combining human expertise with AI capabilities. The synthesis paves the way for future research and provides a strategic compass to navigate the evolving landscape of AI integration. In conclusion, the paper's synthesis resonates as a transformative symphony, harmonizing the potential of human-AI collaboration for progress and innovation.

Dynamics of the Policy Network in the Aspect of Global Crisis Phenomena (On the Example of NATO)

Introduction. A peculiarity of modern political reality is the interconnectedness of the processes of globalization and fragmentation in the world. In a new emerging paradigm of international relations, policy networks come to the fore. These are the network structures for managing public affairs, uniting a variety of political actors. The relevance of the study is due to the need for an objective evaluation of the development of the policy network in the context of global changes as well as forecasting potential threats in the field of international security. The aim of the work is to examine the dynamics of the policy network in the context of global crisis phenomena, using the example of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Methods. The theoretical basis of the research is the network approach and the concept of policy networks, which allow us to study the object from an interdisciplinary point of view and conduct structural studies at all levels of analysis. The complexity of the structure of policy networks requires the use of methods of scientific cognition – analysis and synthesis, media analytics such as the research of content, and expert opinions. Analysis. The policy network is characterized both by the resilience and stability of its structure, which allows it to function effectively in internal and external transformations, and by the complexity of the relations among its actors. Global policy networks are formed on the principles of mutually beneficial resource exchange to achieve common goals and solve individual problems. An example of how NATO has been functioning in the period 2020–2023 showcases trends towards the transformation of the policy network from disintegration to subsequent reintegration to obtain the desired result. In a crisis situation, NATO as a global policy network is experiencing the dynamics of “connected instability”, establishing new forms of actor relationships that require flexibility in political decision-making. Results. In conditions of global instability and uncertainty, policy networks play a supporting (safety-maintaining) role in the processes of supranational regulation, contributing to the creation of an effective architecture of multi-level governance. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to update the theory of the network approach to further develop mechanisms for describing the actors’ cooperation within the policy network.

Integration of STEM Education to Humanities: Examining Interdisciplinary Links in Basic Chemistry Course According to Student Views

Science standards for the next generation, as well as other educational reforms, encourage the creation of solid ties between STEM disciplines. Education societies regard integrated STEM as the best practice in various fields. Besides, the integration of disciplines other than STEM has yet to be adequately studied, and the integration of artistic disciplines is limited. Humanist STEM combines the STEM studies in terms of culture, human relationships, level of well-being, and values. This study investigates whether incorporating humanities in an electronic chemistry lecture affects student communication between course themes and interdisciplinary viewpoints. Students were explicitly asked to link STEM subjects between the scientific and the non-scientific, between the scientific and the physical reality from a broader scientific view. This study was conducted with 85 first-year student-teacher candidates studying at the Faculty of Education, Department of Mathematics and Science Education of a Western Black Sea region university in the 2019-2020 academic year. In the study, homework was designed to make evaluations throughout the course. In addition, cross-sectional study analysis was used in the study. A 5-point Likert-type scale was used. All data were analyzed with StatDisk 13 using the required 2 (chi-square) tests. In the data obtained from the research, most students agree that education creates a strong relationship and understanding between science and other undergraduate courses and STEM fields, humanities, and the environment in which they live. This has been observed in traditional (practical) and interdisciplinary (post-implementation) approaches. The findings from this study contribute to the idea of positively altering interdisciplinary perspectives as part of an introductory chemistry course. Today, it is seen that multidisciplinary science is widespread in the fields, and our academic courses need to be shaped according to the specific discipline approaches desired.

Pushing the boundaries of innovation: the potential of ex vivo organ perfusion from an interdisciplinary point of view.

Ex vivo machine perfusion (EVMP) is an emerging technique for preserving explanted solid organs with primary application in allogeneic organ transplantation. EVMP has been established as an alternative to the standard of care static-cold preservation, allowing for prolonged preservation and real-time monitoring of organ quality while reducing/preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury. Moreover, it has paved the way to involve expanded criteria donors, e.g., after circulatory death, thus expanding the donor organ pool. Ongoing improvements in EVMP protocols, especially expanding the duration of preservation, paved the way for its broader application, in particular for reconditioning and modification of diseased organs and tumor and infection therapies and regenerative approaches. Moreover, implementing EVMP for in vivo-like preclinical studies improving disease modeling raises significant interest, while providing an ideal interface for bioengineering and genetic manipulation. These approaches can be applied not only in an allogeneic and xenogeneic transplant setting but also in an autologous setting, where patients can be on temporary organ support while the diseased organs are treated ex vivo, followed by reimplantation of the cured organ. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the differences and similarities in abdominal (kidney and liver) and thoracic (lung and heart) EVMP, focusing on the organ-specific components and preservation techniques, specifically on the composition of perfusion solutions and their supplements and perfusion temperatures and flow conditions. Novel treatment opportunities beyond organ transplantation and limitations of abdominal and thoracic EVMP are delineated to identify complementary interdisciplinary approaches for the application and development of this technique.

Emoticons Unveiled: A Multifaceted Analysis of Their Linguistic Impact

This study aims to thoroughly investigate the linguistic impact of emojis and emoticons in modern written communication. This work attempts to shed light on these digital symbols’ linguistic structure, social implications, and evolution through a multidisciplinary research method. A mixed-methods approach was used in the research, integrating interdisciplinary viewpoints with quantitative and qualitative analyses. A vast amount of data was gathered from various digital communication channels, such as email exchanges, messaging apps, and social media. A sizable collection of text messages with emojis and emoticons was assembled. Emotional cons and emojis were categorized using linguistic analysis, breaking down their structure into visual components and repeating patterns. Their grammatical and syntactic effects on written language were also evaluated in this investigation. The findings indicate that using emojis in writing positively correlates with emotional expressiveness. This implies that when people wish to express emotions and subtlety in their messages, they typically utilize more emoticons. They enhance digital etiquette, reduce misunderstandings, improve emotional connection, and foster cross-cultural understanding. Emoticons are a global visual language that helps people communicate, create empathy, and navigate digital communication.

The Nursing Madonna in the Middle Ages: An Interdisciplinary Study

Because of the transgression of the first woman Eve, all medieval women bore the punishment, including the biological consequences related to pregnancy and birth. This affected the entire female gender, according to Judeo-Christian tradition. Although Mary was able to avoid some biological consequences, this was not the case with breastfeeding. This work aims to study sacred images—and especially those of the Nursing Mary—from an interdisciplinary point of view, by delving into rather unconventional sources such as medical treatises, whose perception of the female body may have influenced the creation and reception of certain iconographic types of the Virgin.

Unity in Diversity: Religion Cum Language Argument for African Multiculturalism

Multiculturalism is a relatively new and engaging area of scholarship, and has been viewed variously from an interdisciplinary point of view especially as having more problems than it can resolve. Africa is also known as a hub for multiculturalism with a handful of ethnic and tribal groups. Despite the problems associated with multiculturalism such as diversity in language and cultural beliefs, this work attempts to x-ray the concept of “unity in diversity” from a religious cum language basis that supports the argument that multiculturalism from a traditional African point of view, is very beneficial, important and helpful rather than its negative perception. The method employed in the study is critical analysis.

Wine Tourism and Sustainability Awareness: A Consumer Behavior Perspective

The research on tourism is constant and unending; food and wine tourism research still represents a small part inside this wider field. Wine tourism and events are critical for sustainable development of rural areas. In this context, the emotional bond between the wine tourists the regions and the producers that they visit is created, not just through the wine as a product, but also through a set of hedonic features that are present in the visit and tasting experience. To reach the research objectives, a quantitative methodology was chosen. For this research a questionnaire was used and completed by wine cellar visitors and distributed to wine tourism facilities. An online questionnaire was applied in wine and wine tourism social network groups. To test the hypothesis, a structural equation modelling (SEM) was used has well as an importance–performance matrix analysis (IPMA) was also used for further exploration of the results. Results reveal that brand love and wine involvement are positively related to emotional satisfaction, evaluative satisfaction, and word-of-mouth (WOM) intention. Regarding the two dimensions of satisfaction (emotional and evaluative), only the second revealed a direct and indirect positive effect on WOM. From an interdisciplinary point of view, this paper presents insights for niche marketing (i.e., wine tourism, segmentation and brand management) and for local and sustainable development. Lastly, the research limitations and suggestions for future research are presented.

Educational project children’s opera -Imola- encompassing multilingual, musicological and pedagogical issues

This research introduces the children’s opera “Imola” (libretto by R.Fleis, music: F. Kovac) as a pedagogically significant material to be used in teaching and learning in arts, theatre, language and music education contexts - for familiarizing with the multilingual demands of both operatic and vocal music repertoire, thus educating students as an audience, able to enjoy the artistic output. The different forms of music-linked translation (MLT) associated with opera are discussed, as a descriptive approach was applied. In this research, the process of translation is explored from an interdisciplinary point of view, encompassing musicological, multilingual and pedagogical issues./ Keywords: children’s opera, libretto translations, opera education, storytelling with music, music-linked translation (MLT).

Identifying the feasibility of ‘travelator roads’ for modern-era sustainable transportation and its prototyping using additive manufacturing

With the rising human population, travelling on static roads is insufficient to meet modern mobility demands. The global economy loses hundreds of billions of dollars yearly due to traffic inefficiencies, including accidents, pollution etc. We undertake an idea engineering exercise to propose a new concept of travelator roads for future sustainable transportation which has been unexplored for vehicular mobility and is thus the novelty of this work.The proposal offers a paradigm shift from static roads and provides a more generic solution than other advanced transportation technologies. It caters to various United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and provides a safer, self-sustainable, energy-efficient & environment-friendly solution for overcoming traffic violations, jams, road accidents etc. Travelator roads offer easy & quick installation for transportation in rugged terrains & congested areas thereby finding applications in diverse setups like defence, urban & smart cities.Design model and possible calculations are provided to evaluate it as a solution addressing various transportation-related issues. The research methodology in this work entails a review of the literature on current and contemporary transport technologies, followed by an idea engineering exercise to construct a new concept of Travelator roads from an interdisciplinary viewpoint. Further, we propose the application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) for adapting this concept into reality. An AM technology-based prototype for a travelator road can be manufactured to provide a better idea for its effective adaptation in transportation system because AM offers flexibility in design, the opportunity for shape optimization, simplicity in making modifications, shortened time to market, cheap capital needs. Due to material-efficient designs, less waste, and a decreased requirement for production tools, moulds, and dies, AM is projected to result in a significant reduction of raw materials and overall cost involved in actually realizing the concept of travelator roads for future sustainable transportation. Although, there are a number of potential technical issues with AM-based technologies, such as the durability of materials generated by AM for roads, the amount of time required to build sizable amounts of roads, and the upkeep and repair of these roads, which must be addressed.

Towards Integration of Perspectives in the Terminology of the Interdisciplinary Domain ‘Smart Urban Coastal Sustainability’

In this paper, we aim to investigate the challenges of conceptual and terminological analysis in the process of the emergence of a new interdisciplinary field where terms from the existing domains like ecology, economy, tourism, biology, and geography are being used. The EU-CONEXUS project tackles the issue of Smart Urban Sustainable Coastal Development bringing together different types of stakeholders, specialists in various disciplines and technologies. This interdisciplinarity calls for the integration of knowledge from two or more disciplines so as to produce cognitive advancement. From the terminologists’ point of view, the interaction of disciplines is a necessary step towards the integration of (disciplinary) concepts as well as their organisation inside conceptual systems. This suggests that the interdisciplinary phenomena can be explained in new, more complex ways that single disciplines weren’t able to do before. In our analysis, we illustrated the process of extending the definition of concepts from the perspective of a single domain and adopting multiple interdisciplinary viewpoints on the same issue.

Karantin i srodne ustanove u srednjovekovnim primorskim republikama Jadrana: primer Dubrovačke republike

In this paper the author examines the origin and development of quarantine and related institutions in the Republic o f Ragusa. The paper observes the period from the emergence of the first forms of isolation and quarantine on the shores of the Adriatic to the end of the Middle Ages. The author, also, takes note of the health infrastructure of the republic, studying its hygiene regulations and the healthcare capacity in order to more easily determine their susceptibility to the spread of any infectious disease. After that, the attention turns to the conflict of interests that existed during the introduction of each of the epidemiological measures, especially quarantine. It concerned the inevitable conflict between the desire to preserve public health and the interest to preserve trade, that is, to maintain the circulation of people and goods, indispensable to the survival of a maritime republic. For the sake of salvation and the progress of society, compromises were both frequent and necessary, which made the legislator’s task even more difficult than it already was. After the functioning of all relevant institutions has been thoroughly studied, the author examines the consequences from an interdisciplinary point of view. Finally, the author draws a complete and detailed conclusion about the functioning of the government of the Republic of Ragusa and assesses the quality of their regulations and relevant institutions.

Potret Peduli Lingkungan dalam Cerita Anak Mata: Di Tanah Melus karya Okky Madasari

Ecocritic is the study of literature and the environment from an interdisciplinary point of view where all sciences come together to analyze the environment and provide possible solutions for the correction of contemporary environmental situations. Ecology is often found in adult literature, so eco-critical studies are rarely found in children's literature studies. Meanwhile, the values contained in ecology need to be instilled from an early age to create a generation that cares about the environment.This research discusses the form, background, and impact of caring for the environment in a short story of children's literature entitled Mata: Di Tanah Melus by Okky Mardasari. Data was collected using several techniques including reading and understanding, defining characters and identifying data related to research objectives. As for the research results where the background found is based on the creation of moral values towards environmental components. So that this form of caring for the environment has an impact on the related nation.